Linux supports file systems like Ext2, Ext3, ReiserFS etc. They follow hierarchical directory structure, where everything starts from a root directory that is represented by ‘/’. The root directory then expands into sub-directories. As compared to Ext2 file system, Ext3 and ReiserFS are less prone to corruption. It is because they both support file system journaling and can replay journal to recover from unexpected crashes. But in cases of severe corruption, you need to use tools like fsck to repair the file system or ultimately format the partition or volume.

To restore the lost data, you need to use an updated and valid data backup. But, if data backup itself gives errors or proves incomplete to deliver the required information, Linux Data Recovery tools can come to the rescue to recover your lost data.

http://www.debianperu.org/archives/198 http://www.debianperu.org/archives/198#comments Tue, 12 Jan 2010 13:48:06 +0000 admin http://www.debianperu.org/archives/198

In such situations, technical experts recommend to use ‘pacman’ tool to upgrade the kernel and reboot your system to complete the operation.

Pacman is a Linux tool that is used to manage the applications. It uses simple files in package format and organizes text-based package database. It is useful in adding, removing and upgrading packages in Linux system.

After updating the kernel, when you attempt to reboot the system, sometimes your system may get stuck during the boot process. In place of loading GRUB (Grand Unified Boot loader) and booting, your system just tries to process the required information, showing “loading GRUB” message.

In such situations, when you try to boot your system using floppy disk, you may encounter the following error message:

“ERROR: (device hda1): XT_GETPAGE: xtree page corrupt

ERROR: (device hda1): XT_GETPAGE: xtree page corrupt”

After this behavior, when you again run fsck, you encounter the following error message:

“Errors detected in Primary File/Directory Allocation Table.

File system object FF65726 linked as: /var/run/random-seed

File claims cross linked block(s).

Cannot repair FF65726.”

Subsequent execution of fsck also detects several errors but fails to fix them.

Cause

This problem generally occurs due to corrupted GRUB or file system of your Linux system. In both of these situations, to carry out Linux Recovery, you need to format your hard drive and install fresh copy of both these data structures.

Formatting may delete all of your stored data from hard drive and you need to go for third party Linux Recovery tools to get Linux Recovery done. These tools are very powerful and are able to perform  Data Recovery Linux in all situations of data loss.

Stellar Information Systems Limited, the leading data recovery company globally, provides Stellar Phoenix Linux Data Recovery. It is the finest and most promising Linux Recovery software. It supports  Linux Data Recovery from Ext2, Ext3 and ReiserFS file system based volumes. Phoenix Linux Recovery is compatible with most of Linux distributions.

By: shally spears

About the Author:

Superblock is the most significant component of a Linux volume that restrains critical information about files and folders in file systems as ext2, ext3 and more. It enables us to mount and access the file systems. Superblock corruption primarily occurs due to metadata structure damage, file system corruption, unexpected system shutdown, malicious software like virus and more.

In most cases of superblock corruption, the volume becomes unmountable and the data becomes inaccessible. In such situations, you can restore the lost data using an updated backup. However, if you have not maintained any backup or it is not up-to-date, then you need to recover your data by using advanced Linux Data Recovery tools.

Consider a practical scenario, when you attempt to boot your Linux system, you encounter the below error message:

“Wrong fs type, bad option, bad superblock on /dev/hda8, missing codepage or helper program, or other error. In some cases useful info is found in syslog – try dmesg | tail or so”

After running dmesg tail, you encounter the below error message:

“Couldn’t mount because of unsupported optional features (2000200)”

After the above error message appears, the system becomes unmountable and data stored on the hard drive volume becomes inaccessible. Additionally, you encounter the same error message each time you attempt to boot your system.

Cause:

The main reason behind occurrence of the above error message is superblock corruption.

Resolution:

To resolve the problem and access all inaccessible data, you need to follow these steps:

1. Boot your system by using an alternate block by running the below command:

e2fsck -b 98304 /dev/hdb8

2. Once the file system gets restored to the point at which it can be mounted, you need to fix it by using this command:

e2fsck -c /dev/hda8

-c parameter checks for the bad blocks

However, if the above steps are not able to resolve the issue, you should consider reinstalling Linux. A clean Linux reinstall will erase all existing data from the selected volume. For complete recovery of lost data, you should use efficient Linux Data Recovery software.

Linux Recovery tools incorporate effective scanning algorithms to recover all your lost data. These recovery tools provide highly graphical user interface that makes them easily understandable without prior technical knowledge. These tools recover data post situations like superblock corruption, group descriptor faults, inode table damage and more.

Stellar Phoenix Linux Data Recovery is the foremost Linux Recovery tool. It supports recovery from Ext2, Ext3 and ReiserFS file system based Linux volumes. This Data Recovery Linux tool gets installed on Windows (Vista, XP, 2003 and 2000) and the affected Linux drive is connected as slave.

By: allen

About the Author:

Marketing Strategies

To work around this issue, you need to install the latest version of Linux kernel. It may include ‘forcedeth’ patch, which is capable of resolving most of the incompatibility issues.

In some cases, after installing the latest version of Kernel, when you reboot the Linux system, you might face the following error message:

“fsck.ext2: No such file or directory while trying to open /dev/hda8. The super block could not be read or does not describe a correct ext2 file system. If the device is valid and it really contains an ext2 file system (and not swap or ufs or something else) then the super block is corrupt, and you might try running e2fsck with an alternate super block: e2fsck -b 8193 fsck failed.”

After this error message, neither the system boots nor any file can be accessed.

Grounds of the issue

As stated in the error message, this problem generally occurs due to super block corruption or file system corruption.

è Super block and file system are two most important data structure of Linux system. Proper functioning of both these is required for ensuring effective working of the system.

After corruption, the operating system could not locate the file and thus can not retrieve it.

Resolution

To work around this problem, you need to install a fresh copy of super block and file system. It is possible through formatting of the hard drive and reinstallation of operating system.

Though, it will remove the errors but will also erase all the data stored on your hard drive. It is the worst scenario of data loss and needs Linux data recovery to get it fixed.

Linux data recovery is feasible with the application of third party Linux recovery software known as Linux data recovery software. Linux recovery software is easy to use and thus allow you to have simple and fast data recovery Linux.

Stellar Phoenix Linux Data Recovery is the most advanced Linux recovery software offered by the data recovery giant- Stellar. This data recovery Linux software works well in all data loss cases and allows Linux data recovery for all sorts of files.

Stellar Phoenix Linux Data Recovery software is powerful enough to carry out efficient scanning of entire hard drive and extract all lost data from it. The user interface of this software is very interactive and thus does not require any sound technical knowledge from users’ side.

By: Dereck J

About the Author:

Marketing Strategies